How/Why does the router throttle the internet speed by 10x? [on hold]

How/Why does the router throttle the internet speed by 10x? [on hold]

I recently set up an intranet, in our lab, on top of our university wide
network using a wireless router. This was needed as users wanted to be
able to share screens and access data easily across machines - disallowed
with the university wide network.
However, I've recently noticed (and users complained) that they were
getting a very slow connection when connected to the router. I ran
multiple tests using speedtest.net and it seems the router is throttling
the bandwidth by about 10x!
The tests show that the university network has upload and download
bandwidth to about 70-90 Mbps. Via the router, 7-10 Mbps download and ~20
Mbps upload. That's a huge difference IMHO.
Setup: The university issues public IPs from a pool of allocated IPs. The
router is set to clone the IP address of one of the main machines on the
network. (As per policy the same machine cannot have 2 IPs, hence the
cloning). The router gets a WAN IP from the university and the machines in
the lab connect to the router instead of the university network directly.
I've updated and set QoS profiles, updated firmware and also factory reset
the router to no avail.
Question: Why do routers throttle internet speed? How does this happen and
what are some ways to fix it? Can I ever get close to the speed of the
university network via the router/intranet?
(For what it's worth this is the Belkin Play N600 Router.)
UPDATE: Please note - I am NOT trying to circumvent any university policy
here. This is allowed by the university for individual labs and their
experiments. I only wish to know WHY/HOW the throttling happens and what
are some ways to deal with it.